Classification Of Lamps

Incandescent lamp
In 1909, the American scientist Corrich invented the tungsten filament to improve the brightness and life of the incandescent lamp. The filament in the glass bulb shell is heated by means of electrification, which leads to the light source that the filament produces thermal radiation and emits light. The lamp cap is the electrical connection and mechanical connection part of the incandescent lamp. According to the form and purpose, it can be divided into screw type lamp cap, focus lamp cap and special lamp cap. Commonly used in residential basic lighting and decorative lighting, it has the advantages of easy installation, immediate startup, and low cost. It has a wide range of working voltage, from a few volts provided by the battery to the mains voltage, which is cheap and does not require additional circuits. Its main applications are home lighting and places where intensive low working voltage lamps are needed, such as flashlight and console lighting. Only 10% of the input energy is converted into visible light energy, and the typical life span ranges from tens of hours to thousands of hours.
Tungsten halogen lamp
The invention of the halogen tungsten lamp in 1959 took the technology of incandescent lamps to a new level and increased their lifespan. Compared to halogen free incandescent lamps with the same power rating, the halogen tungsten lamp has a much smaller volume and allows for the filling of heavier gas (more expensive) at high pressure. These changes can extend lifespan or improve light efficiency. Similarly, tungsten halide lamp can also be directly connected to the power supply without control circuit. The service life of ordinary incandescent lamp is 1000 hours, and the halogen tungsten lamp is half longer than it, and the luminous efficiency is increased by 30%. Tungsten halide lamps are widely used in vehicle lighting, projection systems, special spotlights, low-cost floodlights, stage and studio lighting and other occasions that need to be more compact, convenient and good performance than non-halogen incandescent lamps.
Fluorescent lamp
Fluorescent lamps appeared in the 1940s. They use the principle of gas discharge to generate light energy. Because the light emitted is mainly ultraviolet and less infrared radiation, the luminous efficiency is higher than that of incandescent lamps. This lamp will save 75% energy and increase the service life by 8-10 times instead of incandescent lamps. At present, the fluorescent lamps commonly used by people mainly include fluorescent lamps, high-lumen single-ended fluorescent lamps, and energy-saving lamps (compact fluorescent lamps), which have been widely used and dominate commercial and industrial lighting. Commonly used in offices, shopping malls, main houses and other general public buildings, it has the advantages of multiple light colors, high illumination and economy. Through the innovation of design, the development of phosphor and the application of electronic control circuit, the performance of fluorescent lamp has been improved continuously.
Low-pressure sodium lamp
Steam lamps appear when various elements of vapor sealed in glass tubes emit light through an electric current. Steam lamps include mercury vapor lamps and sodium vapor lamps. The light efficiency is the highest, but only emits monochromatic yellow light, which makes it impossible to distinguish various colors under lighting conditions. The main applications are: road lighting, safety lighting and outdoor applications in similar situations. Its luminous efficiency is twice that of fluorescent lamp and 10 times that of halogen tungsten lamp. Compared with fluorescent lamps, the discharge tube of low pressure sodium lamp is a long tube, which is usually bent into a "U" shape. The discharge tube is placed in a vacuum sandwich outer glass shell, which is coated with an infrared reflection layer to achieve the purpose of energy saving and maximum light efficiency.